| Summary: | BACKGROUND: 1. This important public health question was identified by the U.S. Departments of Agriculture (USDA) and Health and Human Services (HHS) to be examined by the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee.2. The 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, Beverages and Added Sugars Subcommittee conducted a systematic review to answer this question with support from the Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review (NESR) team.3. The goal of this systematic review was to examine the following question: What is the relationship between beverage consumption during pregnancy and birth weight standardized for gestational age and sex? PLAIN WATER: 1. Two PCS assessed the relationship between water intake during pregnancy and birth weight outcomes.2. Exposure definitions made it difficult to determine whether the assessment included plain water intake only or also included water-based beverages, limiting the usefulness of the data.3. Both studies measured continuous birth weight and risk of SGA, and neither found a significant association with plain water intake for either outcome.4. This body of evidence had several limitations: ○ The number of studies available for this beverage type was very small.○ Exposure definitions lacked clarity to confidently state they include plain water only.○ Studies inconsistently adjusted birth weight for gestational age and sex
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